The Impact of ICT on the financial profitability & performance for Libyan banks.

GENERAL DOCUMENT GUIDELINE
– Set the margins of your document to 4 cm at the top, 3.5 cm at the left, 3 cm at the right, and
2.5 cm at the bottom.
– Use Times New Roman (12 point font size). Use italic and bold for emphasis within the
body text.
– Alignment: create an even right margin by using „justification‟ (except in headings).
– Line spacing: use 1, 5 line spacing throughout the Thesis. Use single line spacing for
footnotes.
– Headings: number Chapters and subsections with Arabic numerals according to the decimal
classification system (1 – 2 – 2.1 – 2.2 – 2.3 – 2.3.1).
Highlight the headings of chapters in bold. First subsections‟ words should contain capital
letters. Second subsections and following ones should be normally function. Except for main
sections (1 – 2 – 3), headings have the same style and size as the text. The headings of main
sections should be formatted two points larger than the rest of the text.
– Tables: Number tables consecutively with Arabic numerals. Table heading should be as
concise as possible, and on top of the table. Provide the source under the table. For the content
of a table, use double-line spacing and size 10 point. Tables which do not fit on one page have
to be moved to an appendix.
– Figures: Number figures consecutively. The figure caption (below the figure) should be
short.

 

HOW TO CITE SOURCES
Citing is the process of giving credit to the sources used to write papers. It is essential to give
proper credit to another author‟s work which you use for your own paper. If you do not, this is
considered as plagiarism (and the Project/Master Thesis will be graded as „failed‟).
1.3.1 In-text Citations
You may refer to someone else’s ideas either by repeating the exact words that another author
has written („quoting‟) or by expressing what somebody has written by using different words
(„paraphrasing‟).
Quoting:
Place quotation marks (“…”) around the words being taken from another author.
Give publication dates (the name of the author, the year of publication of the text being
quoted and the page number of the text from which the quote has been taken) in parentheses
after the second quotation mark.
Example: The metaphor “the sun was crying tears from hell” is linked to that of “devilish
spawns erupted from under the ground to calm the Gods…” (Neve, 1996, p. 27).
Paraphrasing:
Provide publication dates (the name of the author, the year of publication of the text being
paraphrased and the number of the page the paraphrasing is based upon) in parentheses after
the sentence in which the ideas written down by somebody else are paraphrased.
Example: (Rees, 1998: 25)
If the name of the author is referred to in the text is mentioned, the year of the author‟s
publication has to be given immediately after the author‟s name.
Example: Rees (1998: 36) explains…
When a source has no known author, use Anonymous as the name.
Example: (Anonymous, 2005: 35, The Weekly Traveler)

 

List of References (at the end of the Dissertation/Thesis / Project)
References should be alphabetically ordered. If a publication has more than three authors,
name only the first author and add “et al.” (Teichler, U. et al. (2005)).
a) Journal or Magazine Article (used for journals that start each issue with page one)
Authors (Date). Title of Article. Title of Periodical, Volume, Pages.
Example: Wilcox, R. V. (1991). Shifting roles and synthetic women in Star trek: The next
generation. Studies in Popular Culture, 13(2), 53-65.
b) Journal or Magazine Article (used for journals where the page numbering continues from
issue to issue)
Authors (Date). Title of Article. Title of Periodical, Volume, Pages.
Example: Dubeck, L. (1990). Science fiction aids science teaching. Physics Teacher, 28, 316-
318.
c) Newspaper Article
Authors (Date). Title of Article. Title of Periodical, Pages.
Example:
Di Rado, A. and Robertin, C. (1995, March 15). Trekking through college: Classes explore
modern society using the world of Star trek. Los Angeles Times, p. A3.
d) Book
Authors (Date). Title. Place of Publication: Publisher
Example: Okuda, M. and Okuda, D. (1993). Star trek chronology: The history of the future.
New York: Pocket Books.
e) Book Article or Chapter
Authors (Date). Title of Article. In Editor(s) Title. Place of Publication: Publisher, Pages
Example: James, N. E. (1988). Two sides of paradise: The Eden myth according to Kirk and
Spock. In Palumbo, D. (Ed.), Spectrum of the fantastic. Westport, CT: Greenwood, pp. 219-
223.
f) Encyclopedia Article
Authors (Date). Title of Article. In Encyclopedia (Volume). Place of Publication: Publisher,
Pages
Example:
Sturgeon, T. (1995). Science fiction. In The Encyclopedia Americana (Vol. 24). Danbury, CT:
Grolier, pp. 390-392
g) Electronic Sources (aggregated databases, online journals, Web sites or Web pages,
newsgroups, Web- or e-mail-based discussion groups, and Web- or e-mail-based newsletters.)
Authors (Date). Title. Retrieved date, year from source.
note: if the date the page was created is not given, use (n.d.).
Example: Lynch, T. (1996). DS9 trials and tribble-ations review. Psi Phi: Bradley’s Science
Fiction Club Web site. URL: http://www.bradley.edu/campusorg/psiphi/DS9/ep/ 503r.html
(Retrieved October 8, 1997)
Further information: American Psychology Association. (2001). Publication Manual of the
American Psychology Association. Washington, DC.

 

Footnotes
When referencing by using footnotes, please do not forget to specify the page of the source
you are using.